Which PV technology will dominate the future?

Heterojunction cells are characterized by an n-conducting silicon wafer onto which thin layers of doped and intrinsic amorphous silicon and transparent conductive oxide layers (TCO) are applied on both sides to receive the generated current.

Heterojunction solar cells are among the top-of-the-line technologies in modern photovoltaics. Thanks to their special cell structure with amorphous silicon, they achieve particularly high efficiencies of over 24%, even in low light conditions.

Another advantage: They remain efficient even under strong sunlight, as they are significantly more temperature-resistant than conventional solar modules.

Furthermore, heterojunction cells can be manufactured with less energy and in fewer production steps – which has a positive long-term impact on price, environmental impact and lifespan.

Which technology offers more in the long run?

Photovoltaic modules utilize different cell technologies, each with specific strengths.

Crystalline cells (mono- or polycrystalline) consist of a solid silicon wafer and are particularly efficient in direct sunlight. In contrast, thin-film cells use materials such as CIGS (copper-indium-gallium-selenium) and show their advantages in diffuse light , such as on cloudy days, in smog, or in the morning and evening hours.

Another difference lies in the so-called temperature coefficient . This indicates how much a module's power output decreases with increasing temperature. Thin-film cells lose significantly less power than classic crystalline modules – they are more temperature-stable and deliver reliable yields even in summer heat.

Modern heterojunction cells (HJTs) , such as those used in HEPA solar balcony power plants, operate even more efficiently. This technology combines the advantages of monocrystalline silicon with a thin layer of amorphous silicon , resulting in particularly high voltage and low electron loss. Thanks to the smooth, chemically polished wafer surfaces, the energy stays where it belongs: in the circuit.

An additional advantage: Heterojunction cells generate a higher open-circuit voltage , which means the inverter is activated earlier. This allows the conversion of direct current to usable alternating current to begin earlier in the day – a clear benefit for daily electricity yield.

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